Natural gems: Top 10 Costa Rica national parks

Home to half a million species, Costa Rica has more than earned its status as one of the most biodiverse places in the world. With Caribbean waters down the east side, protected reserves in the north, and rugged wilderness to the southwest, the country attracts countless travellers every year with its promise of unfiltered wonder. Undoubtedly, one of the best ways to connect with all that Costa Rica offers is to explore its many national parks.

Numbering just under 30 in total, they form the gateways to many protected areas, and some even double as UNESCO heritage sites. But where to start? Whether you’re looking to paddle through the canals of Tortuguero or you hear a zipline in Monteverde calling your name, our ultimate list guarantees an adventure you won’t forget in a hurry.

1. Arenal Volcano National Park

Nestled in the Arenal Huetar Norte conservation area and protecting eight of Costa Rica’s 12 environmental ‘life zones’, Arenal National Park is a must. Ready your jungle call and soar through the trees on a Tarzan swing or wash your stress away in bubbling hot springs. Many travellers flock to hike the historical lava fields here too.

What is the best month to visit Arenal, Costa Rica?

Head over during the dry season (December to April) for lower rainfall and generally pleasant, sunny days. February and March are typically the best months, though any time during this period should give you those all-important clear skies for viewing the mighty Arenal Volcano.

Is Arenal Volcano active now?

Arenal Volcano has been dormant since 2010 but was Costa Rica’s most active volcano for more than 40 years. Its extinct sibling Cerro Chato Volcano sits nearby, around 3km (1.86 mi) away.

2. Tenorio Volcano National Park

Often known for the aqua blue waters of Celeste River and the Rio Celeste Waterfall, the striking water colours are caused by a reaction between the river water and volcanic minerals. Adventurers are also drawn to ‘Los Teñideros’ — a meeting point where two rivers converge.

How long does it take to hike Tenorio National Park?

Thanks to the path infrastructure, you can explore multiple hiking routes that meander through the park. Popular (though challenging) trails leading to the Rio Celeste Waterfall may take anywhere from two to six hours. You can also opt for trails that lead you through the rainforest, hot springs, and other points of interest.

Can you swim in Tenorio Volcano National Park?

Tempting as the vibrant blue waters may be, swimming is not allowed. This is largely due to the chemical makeup of the Rio Celeste and the need to conserve its delicate ecosystem. But don’t fear — there are plenty of hot springs to dip your feet in instead.

3. Tortuguero National Park

Often compared to the Amazon due to its complex network of canals and waterways, Tortuguero National Park is the perfect place to admire Costa Rica’s incomparable wildlife. It’s also one of the country’s more remote parks, offering something unique for travellers looking for a special experience.

What is special about Tortuguero National Park?

Unusually, the best way to see most of this park is by boat. Grab a kayak and explore the canals in search of turtles, caiman, and birds, and if you’re lucky, you might catch a glimpse of the water-walking ‘Jesus lizard’. Feeling brave? Head back to the coastal jungle after lights-out for a nocturnal boat excursion and listen for sounds you can’t hear during the day.

Can you see sloths in Tortuguero?

Sloths, monkeys, sea turtles, manatees, elusive jaguars and hundreds of bird species are just some of the creatures awaiting curious travellers in the dense water and land trails of Tortuguero. As you might guess from the name, it’s also a popular spot for sea turtles (including the endangered green sea turtle) in nesting season.

4. Manuel Antonio National Park

Conveniently pairing picture-perfect beaches with impressive wildlife, Manuel Antonio is attractive to locals and travellers alike. It’s also easily accessible and remarkably biodiverse, boasting nearly 200 species of birds and around 110 species of mammals. If you’re looking to take your wanderlust underwater, it’s also a fantastic snorkelling spot.

Can you visit Manuel Antonio National Park on your own?

While getting a guide isn’t compulsory, it makes a lot of sense to do so. This is especially true if you’re curious to learn more about the flora and fauna, or you’re hoping to see a lot of wildlife. Many guides have telescopes and are adept at catching glimpses of intriguing creatures that are too camouflaged to spot with an untrained eye.

5. Cocos Island National Park

This one is by far the least accessible in our list and better suited for travellers wanting to not just get off the beaten path, but abandon it completely. Make your way to the Port of Puntarenas and from there you can expect to travel a good 36 hours (yes, you read that right) to reach the island — but boy oh boy is it worth it.

What is Cocos Island Costa Rica known for?

Cocos Island National Park was given World Heritage status by UNESCO in the late 90s for its unrivalled natural beauty, and it’s not difficult to see why. Think rugged terrain, dense rainforests, breathtaking waterfalls, and even some unique critters. With crystal water and rich biodiversity, it’s also considered one of the best destinations in the whole world for diving.

What animals can you see in Cocos Island?

Divers can expect to see endangered hawksbill and green sea turtles, dolphins, white-tip reef sharks, manta rays, hammerhead sharks, and more off of Cocos Island. Back on dry land, keep your eyes peeled for colourful land crabs, geckos and various endemic bird species such as the Cocos flycatcher and black-masked Cocos cuckoo.

6. Cahuita National Park

Coming in at number six is the coast-and-coral-reef paradise of Cahuita. A marine national park located in the Limón province to the south of Costa Rica’s Caribbean coast, you’ll find powdery beaches, a relaxed vibe, and clear waters. You can also make a day trip to the Caribbean fishing village of Puerto Viejo less than 20km (12.4 mi) away.

Why is Cahuita National Park important?

The Cahuita National Park is a vital link in protecting Costa Rica’s Caribbean coastal ecosystem. Known for its undisturbed coral reefs, you can grab a guide and a snorkel mask to seek out more than 500 species of colourful fish.

Is Cahuita National Park free?

While there’s no official ticket price at the main entrance from the town, donations are requested and help keep the park open and maintained. If you’re coming in from the Puerto Vargas entrance, there’s a USD $5 charge per person.

7. Corcovado National Park

If you’re looking for unforgettable eco-tourism experiences, Corcovado can’t be missed. This incredibly special park hosts endangered species, actively contributes to conservation awareness, and protects a variety of untouched ecosystems. Think pristinely preserved trails, educational guides, and more.

Why is Corcovado National Park famous?

Hailed as one of the most biodiverse places on Earth, Corcovado National Park contains 13 ecosystems and is home to the largest primary forest on the American Pacific coast. It’s also well known for its staggering range of birds, with more than 400 species including the scarlet macaw.

8. Poas Volcano National Park

This volcano has one of the biggest craters in the world, and sits within the forests of the Central Mountain Range, offering unforgettable vistas accessible via an hour’s hike. Check the weather forecast for a clear day to maximize viewing and save time for a visit to the welcome centre to learn all about the geology of the region too.

How deep is the Poas Volcano?

At 320 metres deep and around 1.6km (1 mi) wide, the Poas Volcano is the largest active crater on the planet. It also lends a fascinating example of the impact of acid rain, with brown and black vegetation scattered around the mouth — an intriguing sight to behold in itself.

9. Carara National Park

Just 25km (15.5 mi) from Jaco, Carara National Park is an easy detour from one of Costa Rica’s most popular destinations. In addition, its population of kingfishers, scarlet macaws, woodcreepers, brown-hooded parrots, flycatchers, and warblers make it an excellent spot for bird watching. Just don’t forget to bring your binoculars!

How long to spend in Carara National Park?

While this largely depends on what you’re wanting to see, three hours is usually a good amount of time to spend in the park itself. With this you can easily explore the trails and even enlist a guide to help you not only spot but identify the wildlife around you. The types of animals that come out to play vary throughout the day so researching your faves before you book goes a long way.

10. Palo Verde National Park

A clash of opposites, Palo Verde National Park combines tropical dry forest with wetlands. In fact, it houses 15 different types of habitat, from swamps and grasslands to wild marshes and mangroves. It’s a unique haven for both wildlife and bird watching and one of the most important wetland ecosystems in all of Central America.

What are some things to do in Palo Verde National Park?

It goes without saying that boat tours are a must, but pair this with a telescopic lens or binoculars to get the most out of the stunning landscapes, dramatic sunsets, and rich array of wildlife. Better yet, grab your insect repellant and head to the trails to discover the park’s unique scenic viewpoints from land too.

Are national parks in Costa Rica free?

While some parks offer free entry at certain times of year, in general Costa Rica’s national parks are not free. You should expect to pay USD $10-15 per adult, per day as a tourist, though entry for local people is typically cheaper.

What is the most visited national park in Costa Rica?

It may surprise you to learn that one of Costa Rica’s smallest national parks is also its most popular. Boasting a heavenly mix of wildlife, beaches, mangroves, lagoons and forests, Manuel Antonio takes the crown.

How many national parks are in Costa Rica?

Costa Rica boasts a whopping 29 national parks, one of the highest numbers across all Central American countries.

Why are there so many national parks in Costa Rica?

Aside from the sheer scale of biodiversity, Costa Rica promotes ecotourism and conservation efforts on a cultural level. Multiple Costa Rican government agencies put environmental policies first, leading to the conception and expansion of protected areas over time.

Do you need reservations for Costa Rica’s national parks?

Depending on your park of choice, reservations are either mandatory or strongly advised in Costa Rica. It helps limit numbers or control access to remote and undisturbed areas.